Buying a laptop is no piece of cake. You have to mentally weigh your options based on features and budget. However, one thing that amateurs often overlook, while caught up in the details of storage and dimensions, is the type of GPU.
Graphics processing units (GPUs) come in two types: integrated and dedicated. Before purchasing a laptop, you should know which GPU aligns with your needs and is compatible with your work type. If you have to make a choice, better make a conscious one with a brief know-how on the subject of GPUs.
We’ve composed this blog as a guide on the two GPU types, concluding which one is superior to the other. So, without further ado, let’s head straight into it.
What is an Integrated GPU?
An integrated graphics processing unit is the OG as it is the first ever invention in the name of GPUs. Introduced in the early 1990s as a component of the workstation, this chip was equipped in PCs and eventually laptops. Like its name suggests, an integrated GPU is physically attached to a CPU, sharing its resources like memory and power.
The main function of an integrated GPU is to compute tasks for lightweight everyday tasks like web browsing and streaming. It programs the main memory of the CPU to gain access to the visual data, then processes it to deliver graphically pleasing output. These chips have a compact design, which makes them ideal for lightweight, highly portable laptops.
What is a Dedicated GPU?
Dedicated GPU was first launched in the late 1990s as a modified extension of the integrated chip. This GPU is also known as a discrete GPU, short form DGPU, and was designed to handle 3D rendering for intense visuals. A dedicated GPU has a separate physical existence on the motherboard with its own components, unlike the integrated GPU.
Since a discrete chip has its video memory, it fetches the data faster, for smooth visuals. The DGPU manages basic graphics functions as well as demanding tasks like gaming, video editing, etc. This chip is best for heavy-duty laptops for creative professionals and gamers.
Difference Between Integrated and Dedicated Graphics
Features | Integrated GPU | Dedicated GPU |
Position | Built within CPU/SoP | Built on a separate unit on the motherboard |
VRAM | Share system RAM | Exclusive video RAM |
Software Support | Limited support | Ample optimization updates & support |
Parallel Processing | Basic | Advanced |
Heat Emission | Low | High |
Battery Life | Highly durable | Less durable |
Graphic Performance
The major difference between an integrated and dedicated GPU is graphical performance. It’s common knowledge that non-segregated adapters are suitable for insubstantial tasks while dedicated adapters are for complex computations. And while a dedicated GPU can perform the functions of an integrated GPU, the same is not possible for an integrated GPU.
In terms of raw performance, dedicated cards are more powerful with fast frame rates, offering improved animations and reduced input lag. The exclusive memory of the dedicated GPU has a higher bandwidth that contributes to fast texture loading and realistic visuals. Plus, the adapter is highly compatible with ray tracing technology alongside full-on AI inference.
Modifiability
Since an integrated card is fitted into the system of the laptop, modifying it is nearly impossible. So, if there's something wrong with the GPU, you cannot simply swap it with a new one and be done with it. You will have to replace the entire CPU, which will cost much more than an individual graphics card.
On the other hand, there’s a discrete graphics card, which, if it causes issues, can be replaced in case of a modular laptop. You can get the replacement done professionally or DIY by unscrewing the bottom panel and adapter. In case your laptop has a Thunderbolt 3, you can connect an external GPU to the device without getting rid of the original one.
Power Intake
A joint GPU consumes comparatively less power than a discrete GPU. The reason is straightforward: integrated GPUs have restricted resources that they have to share with the system CPU. Hence, instead of drawing energy solely from their source, these chips rely on the energy drawn by the CPU.
As for dedicated GPUs, they require more power to function the VRAM for data exchange. The high energy consumption also leads to more heat output by discrete chips, although it can be cooled by fans. Similarly, integrated chips cause less heat emission and don’t need cooling fans, which also explains the lightweight of integrated laptops.
Price Factor
The price of integrated and dedicated GPUs causes a significant difference between the two. When it comes to cost-effectiveness, integrated GPUs have the edge while the dedicated GPUs can cost a bomb. It’s sensible because who would buy a stand-alone joint card unless they want to alter the insides of a CPU?
Since a discrete GPU is an all-in-one solution to your graphics needs, it’s a go-to for many professionals. An entry-level discrete adapter can cost around $100, while a high-end GPU can easily cost $1000+. For GPUs with maxed-out configurations, like the NVIDIA H100, it can even cost $25000+.
Upgradation
There are no upgrade options attached to an Integrated GPU. Once you’ve bought an integrated laptop, you have to stick to the GPU for the entirety of the device's life. This means that you will miss out on any new graphics-related technology or advancement. The only way to upgrade an integrated GPU is by upgrading the CPU, which costs an unnecessary big bucks.
On the contrary, you can easily update and upgrade a dedicated graphics processing unit. By doing so, you’ll stay up-to-date with the latest visual experience and future-proof your laptop. You can even trade in your old DGPU for an advanced version sometimes.
Final Verdict - Integrated or Dedicated?
After taking all aspects into account, it’s pretty evident that a dedicated graphics processing unit is superior to a non-segregated one. Yes, it’s expensive and the power consumption is insane, plus the short battery, but it brings versatility to the table.
With an Integrated GPU, you have to restrict yourself to the same technology and stagnant visuals. Lastly, it boils down to the graphic output, and dedicated GPUs excel at providing the best output you would want while working. That too, without disturbing the overall performance of the laptop.
So, consider this your cue to invest in a dedicated GPU, because that’s what it is, an investment.
